Greyson’s Law: Reshaping Domestic Violence Considerations in Florida Family Law

The landscape of family law in Florida has undergone significant revisions with  the enactment of Greyson’s Law, officially Senate Bill 130, which took effect on  July 1, 2023. Named in honor of Greyson Kessler, a four-year-old tragically killed  by his father in a 2021 murder-suicide, this legislation fundamentally alters how  domestic violence, particularly coercive control, is considered in decisions  regarding shared parental responsibility, time-sharing, and injunctions for  protection. 

Historically, an individual’s reasonable, imminent fear of becoming a victim of  domestic violence was primarily a consideration when seeking an Injunction for  Protection Against Domestic Violence. Greyson’s Law, however, broadens this  scope, making such fear a crucial element in determining a child’s best interests  within time-sharing and shared parental responsibility arrangements. The  Family Law Section collaborated closely with Greyson’s mother, Ali Kessler, and  legislative sponsors to develop this protective measure. 

Key Revisions to Florida Statutes 

Greyson’s Law amends several sections of the Florida Statutes, most notably  Sections 61.13 and 741.13. 

Impact on Shared Parental Responsibility and Time-Sharing (Fla. Stat. §  61.13): 

The law introduces significant changes to how courts determine shared parental  responsibility and time-sharing schedules, particularly when domestic violence  is a factor. 

  • Detriment to the Child: When assessing whether shared parental  responsibility would be detrimental to a child, courts must now consider  a broader range of factors: 

o Evidence of domestic violence as defined in Section 741.28. o Whether either parent has or has had reasonable cause to believe  that they or their minor child(ren) are or have been in imminent  danger of becoming victims of domestic violence or sexual violence  by the other parent. 

o Whether either parent has or has had reasonable cause to believe  their minor child(ren) are or have been in imminent danger of  becoming victims of abuse, abandonment, or neglect by the other  parent.

o Any other relevant factors. 

o These considerations apply regardless of whether a prior or pending  action related to these issues has been brought. 

  • Best Interest of the Child: The legislation expands the thirteenth factor,  factor (m), under Florida Statute 61.13(3). This factor now includes  evidence that a parent has or has had reasonable cause to believe that  he or she or his or her minor child(ren) are in imminent danger of  becoming victims of an act of domestic violence. 

Impact on Injunctions for Protection Against Domestic Violence (Fla. Stat.  § 741.30): 

Greyson’s Law adds a crucial tenth factor for courts to consider when  determining if a petitioner has reasonable cause to believe they are in imminent  danger of becoming a victim of domestic violence. This new factor allows courts  to look at: 

  • A pattern of abusive, threatening, intimidating, or controlling  behavior composed of a series of acts over a period, however short, that  evidences a continuity of purpose. This pattern must reasonably cause the  petitioner to believe that they or their minor child(ren) are in imminent  danger of becoming victims of domestic violence. 
  • The sworn petition form for injunctions has also been amended to include  this tenth factor. 

Broader Implications for Divorce and Paternity Cases 

The changes brought by Greyson’s Law signify an evolving understanding of  domestic violence within the legal system. Previously, the legal definition largely  focused on actual or threatened physical violence or stalking. Now, the law  recognizes and addresses coercive control, which encompasses “multifaceted  tactics” used by abusers, including emotional abuse, isolation, minimizing,  denying, blaming, use of children, male privilege, economic abuse, coercion and  threats, and intimidation. 

For divorce and paternity cases involving children, this means that attorneys can  now more effectively present evidence of subtle yet pervasive forms of abuse that  previously might have faced relevance objections. The focus has shifted from  merely discrete incidents of violence to a more comprehensive understanding of  the abuser’s pattern of control. This is critical because domestic violence is  understood as a crime of control against an intimate partner or someone in the  home, where each case presents unique experiences. 

The emphasis on written findings of fact by trial courts, as introduced by HB  1301 for time-sharing schedules, reinforces the need for meticulous  documentation of evidence related to these domestic violence factors. While HB 

1301 primarily focuses on time-sharing modifications and the presumption of  equal time-sharing, the underlying principles regarding a child’s best interest  and the broad consideration of parental safety now explicitly tie into the updated  definitions and considerations under Greyson’s Law. In paternity actions, once  a parenting plan and time-sharing schedule are sought, the provisions of Florida  Statute 61.13, as amended by Greyson’s Law, will directly apply. 

This legislative shift aims to provide an additional layer of protection for victims,  enabling courts to consider the full scope of abusive behavior when making  decisions that directly impact the safety and well-being of children and  vulnerable parents. Practitioners involved in family law cases, especially those  touching on domestic violence, should carefully review these updated statutes to  ensure a complete understanding of the changes and their nuances. 

Anthony Meehan Genova Biography 

Anthony Meehan Genova is a highly qualified legal professional specializing in  family law, particularly known for his extensive experience in mediation and his  commitment to community service. Mr. Genova is Board Certified in Marital &  Family Law, a certification that signifies Florida’s official, independent  determination of a lawyer’s expertise in a specialty field of law, widely regarded  as the “gold standard” for Florida lawyers. This certification, administered by The  Florida Bar and officiated by The Florida Supreme Court, began in 1982 to help  the public select distinguished lawyers. Board-certified lawyers, including Mr.  Genova, are thoroughly evaluated for credibility, expertise, professionalism, and  ethics. 

To achieve this certification, Mr. Genova demonstrated dedication to excellence  through character, professionalism, ethics, and credibility. The rigorous process  requires at least five years of law practice, substantial involvement in the chosen  area of law, successful completion of a comprehensive examination, and a  rigorous peer-review process. Additionally, board-certified lawyers must meet  more robust continuing legal education requirements than those for general  licensure. This certification is valid for five years and requires continued practice  and attendance at Florida Bar-approved continuing legal education courses for  recertification. As of 2023, fewer than 5,000 lawyers in Florida, representing only  5% of eligible Florida Bar members, have earned board certification. Research  suggests that board-certified lawyers are 25% to 40% more likely to be hired than  non-board-certified counterparts with similar credentials. Clients retaining a  board-certified lawyer like Mr. Genova gain access to specialized expertise,  professionalism and ethics, credibility, and a heightened dedication to  excellence, with his rigorously evaluated experience and competency offering  assurance of heightened proficiency in Marital & Family Law.

In addition to his board certification, Mr. Genova has been a Supreme Court  Certified Marital & Family Law Mediator since 2019. He has been a dedicated  member of the Executive Council of the Family Law Section of the Florida Bar  since 2016. His significant involvement includes various leadership and  committee roles, demonstrating deep engagement with the evolution and  practice of family law, such as Co-chair of the Rules and Forms Committee  (2018-2020), Chair of the Membership Committee (2016-2017), Vice Chair of the  Domestic Violence Committee (2017-2018), Co-Vice Chair for Diversity and  Inclusion (2023-2024), Member of the Equitable Distribution Committee (2017- 2020), and Member of the Support Issues Committee (2014-2018).